才97种性别?我随手就是2936种
Facebook在性别选择框里放了97个选项以后就一直有人对此津津乐道。以前我一直懒得看相关的东西,毕竟大家都知道这只是跨性别恐惧症(transphobia)的狗哨而已。只要稍微看其中的内容,就能意识到这个硬凑的97种性别有多恶意。
Facebook通过搜集小众语言和小众文化里的同义词,强行凑出97种“性别”,让不懂的人以为这是跨性别者的创造。今日闲来无事,我也来构造2936种性别,谈谈Facebook是如何利用同义词放大人们的跨性别恐惧症的。
让我们从最基础的开始。几乎所有人都会承认世界上至少有三种性别:女性,男性,和同时不属于二者的广义的非二元性别。如果连非二元性别都不承认,那我只能说你是一个无可救药的二极管,已经可以不看了。好的,让我们列出这三种。
- female
- male
- non-binary
然后,如果我们要细分的话,女性又分为顺性别女性(Cisgender)和跨性别女性(Transgender)。非二元也有不同的种类,比如同时具有男女两种认同的人(Bigender),觉得自己既不是男性也不是女性的人(Agender),不认为男性但不完全认为自己是女性的半女(demigirl),和不认为自己是女性但不完全认为自己是男性的半男(demiboy)。
所以新的列表大概变成了这样:
- female
- male
- non-binary
- cisgender female
- transgender female
- cisgender male
- transgender male
- agender
- bigender
- demigirl
- demiboy
等一下,上面的女性对于顺性别女性和跨性别女性不是包含关系吗?为什么它们会出现在一起?这样不是重复了吗?
这你就要问Facebook了。我也不知道它们是不是故意的,总而言之它们把大范围的集合和小集合放在了一起同时作为不同的“性别”。比如让我们看看Facebook光女性就划分了多少种:
- Cis-gender woman 顺性别女,所谓顺性别,指的是性别认同与出生时指派性别相同的人。即出生时指派性别为女,自我认知为女。
- Woman 广义上的女人。
- Transgender Woman 跨性别女。跨性别指的是性别认同或性别表现与他们出生时指派性别不同的人。跨性别女即出生时指派性别为男,性别认同为女。
- Woman of Trans experience 有跨性别经验的女性。
- Woman with a history of gender transition 有性别转换史的女性。
- Transfeminine 女性倾向跨性别者。字面意思,偏女的跨性别者
- Feminine-of-center 中心女性化,用于描述一个人认为或表现出,相比于男性更多是女性化的人。
- MTF male-to-female的缩写。跨性别女性的别名
- Transgirl 年轻的跨性别女性。
- T-girl 9的缩写
- Sistergirl 还是跨性别女性,但是是来自太平洋土著的俚语。
在这里之前不懂的读者大概也意识到不对劲了。上述连续分了11个性别,实际上翻来覆去讲的只有两种:顺性别女性,或者跨性别女性。剩下的全都是对跨性别女性的别称、子集或者缩写。
如果你选了跨性别女孩,实际上你同时还是 T-girl(跨性别女孩的缩写),实际上你同时还是跨性别女性因为显然女孩就是年轻女性,实际上你还是Sistergirl因为这是土著的别称,实际上你还是transfeminine因为这又是一个别称,当然你还是Woman of Trans experience毕竟你有跨性别经验,最后你还是个Woman。这下你同时拥有7个性别了(笑)
Facebook将同义词重复地放在这个列表中实际上就是一种无耻的行径。说真的,谁会在乎T-girl还是Transgirl啊?是字母太多了写不下吗?Facebook此举实际上意味非常明显,就是“你看跨性别多荒谬,搞出这么多个性别”——那你怎么不说中国古代人荒谬啊?中国古代的自称有多少让我们看看:
吾、余、在下、敝人、鄙人、不肖、不才、老子、爷、某、依、仆、乃公、人家、我等、我辈、我依、吾、吾们、吾济、吾辈、吾曹、小辈、小生、小人、小子、小可、小的、余、予、在下、洒家、咱、朕、寡人、孤、我
《震惊!中国人竟然有37种自我!这究竟是人性的扭曲还是道德的沦丧!》
放狗屁吧这些全都是一个意思,有的是谦辞有的是不礼貌的词有的是普通词而已。
按Facebook的玩法,我们的性别表单一下子就指数级增长了:你瞧,female可以按年龄分为woman和girl,transgender可以缩写为trans和T-,cisgender当然也能缩写成cis。跨性别还能细分为有跨性别经历的,有激素治疗的(HRT),有手术的(SRS),顺性别还能分成曾经以为自己是跨性别但是后来退坑的(detrans)和坚定的顺性别(firmly),瞬间表单暴涨好多倍嘛!
["female","girl","woman","male","boy","man","non-binary","cisgender female","cisgender female firmly","cisgender female detrans","cis female","cis female firmly","cis female detrans","cisgender girl","cisgender girl firmly","cisgender girl detrans","cis girl","cis girl firmly","cis girl detrans","cisgender woman","cisgender woman firmly","cisgender woman detrans","cis woman","cis woman firmly","cis woman detrans","transgender female","trans female","T-female","transgender female with trans experience","trans female with trans experience","T-female with trans experience","transgender female with HRT","trans female with HRT","T-female with HRT","transgender female with SRS","trans female with SRS","T-female with SRS","transgender girl","trans girl","T-girl","transgender girl with trans experience","trans girl with trans experience","T-girl with trans experience","transgender girl with HRT","trans girl with HRT","T-girl with HRT","transgender girl with SRS","trans girl with SRS","T-girl with SRS","transgender woman","trans woman","T-woman","transgender woman with trans experience","trans woman with trans experience","T-woman with trans experience","transgender woman with HRT","trans woman with HRT","T-woman with HRT","transgender woman with SRS","trans woman with SRS","T-woman with SRS","cisgender male","cisgender male firmly","cisgender male detrans","cis male","cis male firmly","cis male detrans","cisgender boy","cisgender boy firmly","cisgender boy detrans","cis boy","cis boy firmly","cis boy detrans","cisgender man","cisgender man firmly","cisgender man detrans","cis man","cis man firmly","cis man detrans","transgender male","trans male","T-male","transgender male with trans experience","trans male with trans experience","T-male with trans experience","transgender male with HRT","trans male with HRT","T-male with HRT","transgender male with SRS","trans male with SRS","T-male with SRS","transgender boy","trans boy","T-boy","transgender boy with trans experience","trans boy with trans experience","T-boy with trans experience","transgender boy with HRT","trans boy with HRT","T-boy with HRT","transgender boy with SRS","trans boy with SRS","T-boy with SRS","transgender man","trans man","T-man","transgender man with trans experience","trans man with trans experience","T-man with trans experience","transgender man with HRT","trans man with HRT","T-man with HRT","transgender man with SRS","trans man with SRS","T-man with SRS","agender","bigender","demigirl","demiboy"]
这不是,119种性别一下子就到手了。
我们还有AFAB(A female at birth出生时指派为女的人)和AMAB(出生时指派为男的人)。当然,跨性别我们还能合二为一统称为 transgender 或者 trans 或者 transexual。这可不是我在玩抽象,是Facebook自己添加进它们的性别列表的,看:
- Trans 跨性别。Transgender man 和 transgender woman的统称。
- Transgender 还是跨性别
- Transsexual 还是跨性别
- Genderqueer 性别酷儿,意思差不多就是跨性别总称
我还是很难像facebook这样无耻,还把女同性恋也写成一种性别,性取向和性别没什么关系,所以Femme这类的词我就不加进去了。
所以我决定玩点抽象的:这不是还有染色体吗,实际上Y染色体上的SRY基因才是决定性别分化的开关,丢失了SRY基因的Y染色体没法让人发育成男性,被插入了SRY基因的X染色体反而能让人发育成男性。这不是我说胡话,这两种分别叫Swyer综合征和XX男性综合征,都是大约两万份之一的概率出现,因此全球加起来80多万人呢。同时,还有俗称超雄和超雌综合征的XYY和XXX,还有克氏综合征的XXY。以上这些统称性别分化障碍(DSD),那没有这种障碍的当然也要有自己单独的性别啦(non-DSD)。让我们把这些染色体都乘进去。
现在我们已经有了1112种性别,虽然这份列表翻来覆去讲的全都是一样的东西,不妨碍我取个超级震撼性大新闻 《震惊!有人声称世界上有1112种性别!》了。
让我们再看看facebook干了什么:
70.Palao’ana 马里亚纳群岛的查莫罗文化中指第三性别。 71.Ashtime 埃塞俄比亚语中用来指代第三性别。 72.Mashoga 斯瓦希里语的第三性别。 73.Mangaiko 刚果语用来指代第三性别。 74.Chibados 恩东戈王国用来指代第三性别。
我操,它把同一个词语在不同语言中的写法也扔进去了。欺负老实人呢?
好吧,那我也试试。我们加上一些小小的世界语和拉丁语,再翻两倍!
现在我们有了2936种性别。
最后
所以我想表达什么呢?
我想表达的很简单,通过随意的排列组合和一些不要脸的行径,就能轻易构造出简中互联网上最大的跨性别恐惧症狗哨之一——97种性别。不仅如此,我还顺手给它翻了将近30倍,把它变成了2936种。
跨性别恐惧症极力通过像这样的行为污名化跨性别者。表面上“尊重”了性少数,实际上煽动了互联网的仇跨情绪。就是这么简单。